Raws li Lub Koom Haum Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Hauv Tebchaws (National Fire Protection Association), muaj ntau tshaj 354,000 qhov hluav taws kub hauv tsev txhua xyoo, tua neeg nruab nrab li ntawm 2,600 tus neeg thiab raug mob ntau tshaj 11,000 tus neeg. Feem ntau cov neeg tuag los ntawm hluav taws tshwm sim thaum hmo ntuj thaum tib neeg pw tsaug zog.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb uas zoo thiab muab tso rau qhov chaw zoo yog qhov pom tseeb. Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb ntawmcov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb –ionization thiab photoelectric. Kev paub qhov txawv ntawm ob qho no tuaj yeem pab koj txiav txim siab zoo tshaj plaws txog cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb los tiv thaiv koj lub tsev lossis kev lag luam.
Kev ua kom tsis muaj zoglub tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeebs thiab cov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric vam khom cov txheej txheem sib txawv kiag li los ntes hluav taws:
Kev ua kom tsis muaj zogspa luam yeebacov teeb liab
Kev ua kom tsis muaj zogcov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb yog ib qho kev tsim qauv nyuaj heev. Lawv muaj ob lub phaj hluav taws xob thiab ib lub chamber ua los ntawm cov khoom siv radioactive uas ionizes cov huab cua uas txav mus los ntawm cov phaj.
Cov hluav taws xob hauv lub rooj tsavxwm ntsuas qhov tam sim no ionization uas tsim los ntawm qhov kev tsim no.
Thaum muaj hluav taws kub, cov khoom sib xyaws nkag mus rau hauv chav ionization thiab rov sib tsoo thiab sib xyaw nrog cov pa ionized, ua rau tus lej ntawm cov pa ionized txo qis tas li.
Cov hluav taws xob hauv lub rooj tsavxwm hnov qhov kev hloov pauv no hauv chav thiab, thaum dhau qhov txwv uas tau teem tseg lawm, lub tswb ceeb toom yuav tshwm sim.
Cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb photoelectric
Cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb photoelectric raug tsim los ntawm kev ua pa luam yeeb los ntawm hluav taws hloov qhov ci ntawm huab cua li cas:
Lub teeb tawg: Feem ntau photoelectriccov khoom siv ntes pa luam yeeb ua haujlwm raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub teeb tawg. Lawv muaj lub teeb LED thiab lub teeb ci ntsa iab. Lub teeb ci ntsa iab raug coj mus rau thaj chaw uas lub teeb ci ntsa iab tsis tuaj yeem ntes tau. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cov pa luam yeeb los ntawm hluav taws nkag mus rau hauv txoj kev ntawm lub teeb ci, lub teeb ci ntsa iab ntaus cov pa luam yeeb thiab raug cuam tshuam rau hauv lub teeb ci ntsa iab, ua rau lub tswb ceeb toom.
Kev thaiv teeb: Lwm hom kev ceeb toom photoelectric yog tsim los ntawm kev thaiv teeb. Cov kev ceeb toom no kuj muaj lub hauv paus teeb thiab lub teeb ci ntsa iab. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov no, lub teeb ci raug xa ncaj qha mus rau lub ntsiab lus. Thaum cov pa luam yeeb thaiv lub teeb ci ib nrab, qhov tso zis ntawm lub cuab yeej photosensitive hloov pauv vim qhov txo qis ntawm lub teeb. Qhov kev txo qis ntawm lub teeb no raug kuaj pom los ntawm lub voj voog ntawm lub tswb ceeb toom thiab ua rau lub tswb ceeb toom.
Cov tswb ceeb toom sib xyaw ua ke: Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam kev ceeb toom sib xyaw ua ke. Ntau yam kev sib xyaw ua kecov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb siv cov thev naus laus zis ionization thiab photoelectric los ua kom lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua.
Lwm cov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntxiv cov sensors ntxiv, xws li infrared, carbon monoxide, thiab cov sensors kub, los pab nrhiav tau qhov tseeb ntawm hluav taws tiag tiag thiab txo cov tswb ceeb toom cuav vim yog tej yam xws li pa luam yeeb ntawm lub tshuab ci mov ci, cov pa da dej, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov Txawv Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Ionization thiabCov Tswb Ceeb Toom Pa Luam Yeeb Photoelectric
Muaj ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb tau ua los ntawm Underwriters Laboratories (UL), National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), thiab lwm tus los txiav txim siab qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm ob hom tseem ceeb no.cov khoom siv ntes pa luam yeeb.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ntsuam xyuas no feem ntau qhia txog cov hauv qab no:
Cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb photoelectric teb rau cov hluav taws kub hnyiab sai dua li cov tswb ceeb toom ionization (sai dua 15 txog 50 feeb). Cov hluav taws kub hnyiab txav qeeb dua tab sis tsim cov pa luam yeeb ntau tshaj plaws thiab yog cov yam ua rau tuag taus tshaj plaws hauv cov hluav taws hauv tsev.
Cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb ionization feem ntau teb sai dua me ntsis (30-90 vib nas this) rau cov hluav taws kub ceev (cov hluav taws kub qhov twg cov nplaim taws kis tau sai) dua li cov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric. NFPA lees paub tias tsim tau zoocov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric feem ntau ua tau zoo dua li cov tswb ceeb toom ionization hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej hluav taws, tsis hais hom thiab khoom siv.
Cov tswb ceeb toom ionization tsis tau muab sijhawm txaus rau kev tshem tawm ntau zaus dua li qhov xav tau.cov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws kub hnyiab.
Cov tswb ceeb toom ionization ua rau muaj 97% ntawm "kev ceeb toom tsis zoo"—cov tswb cuav—thiab, vim li ntawd, lawv yuav raug xiam oob qhab tag nrho dua li lwm hom lub tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb. NFPA lees paub tiascov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb photoelectric muaj qhov zoo dua li cov tswb ceeb toom ionization hauv kev ceeb toom cuav.
Uas lub tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb zoo tshaj plaws?
Feem ntau cov neeg tuag los ntawm hluav taws tsis yog los ntawm nplaim taws tab sis los ntawm kev ua pa luam yeeb, yog vim li cas feem ntau cov neeg tuag los ntawm hluav taws—yuav luag ob feem peb—tshwm sim thaum tib neeg tsaug zog.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tseeb tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum muaj ib qho kev npaj ua ntej lub tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb uas tuaj yeem ntes tau cov hluav taws kub hnyiab sai thiab raug, uas tsim cov pa luam yeeb ntau tshaj plaws. Hauv pawg no,cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb photoelectric ua tau zoo dua li cov tswb ceeb toom ionization.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm ionization thiabcov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric hauv cov hluav taws kub ceev tau ua pov thawj tias me me, thiab NFPA xaus lus tias qhov zoocov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric tseem yuav ua tau zoo dua li cov tswb ceeb toom ionization.
Thaum kawg, vim tias lub tswb ceeb toom tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg tsis ua haujlwmcov khoom siv ntes pa luam yeebua rau lawv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig,cov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric kuj qhia tau tias muaj qhov zoo dua hauv thaj chaw no, tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov lus ceeb toom cuav thiab yog li ntawd tsis tshua muaj feem yuav raug xiam oob qhab.
Tseeb tiag,cov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb photoelectric yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, txhim khu kev qha, thiab yog li ntawd muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws, qhov xaus lus txhawb nqa los ntawm NFPA thiab qhov sib txawv uas tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov koom haum kev nyab xeeb hluav taws.
Rau cov tswb ceeb toom ua ke, tsis muaj qhov zoo meej lossis tseem ceeb tau pom. NFPA xaus lus tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem tsis tau ua pov thawj qhov yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ob lub thev naus laus zis lossiscov tswb ceeb toom pa luam yeeb photoionization, txawm hais tias ob qho tib si tsis tas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
Txawm li cas los xij, Lub Koom Haum Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Hauv Tebchaws tau xaus lus tiascov tswb ceeb toom photoelectric nrog rau cov sensors ntxiv, xws li CO lossis cov sensors kub, ua kom zoo dua qhov kev kuaj pom hluav taws thiab txo cov tswb cuav ntau dua.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-02-2024